The Town of Dover is situated on 56.3 square miles on the eastern boundary of Dutchess County, north of Pawling, south of Amenia, and west of the State of Connecticut. Dover's eastern border is the New York/Connecticut state line.
As of the 2010 Census there were 8,699 residents in the town of Dover, which encompasses Dover Plains and Wingdale, as well as several other small communities.
Although Dover has no major highways, it does have 2 major thoroughfares. Route 22 crosses from the Pawling town line to the Amenia town line. Route 343 goes through town as well.